UHS MDCAT 2024

Acetylcholine

Endorphins

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Dopamine

Inward movement of Na⁺

Inward movement of K⁺

Outward movement of K⁺

Outward movement of Na⁺

Regulate response of visceral organs

Regulate response of skeletal muscles

Regulate response of glands

Regulate response of smooth muscles

Mechanoreceptors

Nociceptors

Photoreceptors

Chemoreceptors

Cell Wall

Cell Membrane

Plasmid

Cysts

Spider

Earthworm

Trout Fish

Star Fish

Fibrous proteins

No effect on end product

Consumed in reaction

Non-specific

Cannot modify its active sites

Can bind to a single substrate

Can catalyze related reaction

Usually belongs to non-regulatory enzyme

Ovaries

Oviduct

Cervix

Seminiferous tubules

XXX

XYY

XO

XXY

Estrogen

Progesterone

Oxytocin

Corticosteroid

Mutation

Genetic Drift

Non-Random mating

Speciation

Oocyte

Sperms

Polar body

Spermatogonia

Ear Muscles & Vermiform appendix

Heart and Liver

Ear Muscles & Liver

Vermiform appendix & Heart

Cloning

Self-pollination

Crossing over

Asexual reproduction

Testosterone

Follicle stimulating hormone

Luteinizing hormone

Progesterone

It affects variations that are heritable

It is selected by a breeder

It can improve the adaptation of species

It is regional in nature

Hardy-Weinberg Equation

Lamarck Equation

Darwin Equation

James Hutton Equation

Follicles reach maximum size

Follicle degenerates

Graafian follicle ovulates

The follicle starts to mature

Jean Baptist Lamarck

Charles Darwin

Thomas Malthus

Alfred Wallace

Transport sperms

Connect with urethra

Produce semen

Hold the process of spermatogenesis

Amoeboid prokaryote

Aerobic bacterium

Spirochete

Spirillum

Secondary spermatocyte

Spermatids

Primary spermatocytes

Sperms

Vitamins

Minerals

Lipids

Cortisone

Temporal

Occipital

Frontal

Vomer

Carbonate

Bicarbonate

Tricarbonate

Carbonic anhydrase

Sciatica

Spondylosis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rickets

5-6 liter.

8-9 liter

10-11 liter

12-13 liter

Voluntary

Branched

Uninucleate

Striated appearance

Aerobic

Anaerobic

Facultative

Microaerophill

Extreme fatigue

Muscle contraction

Paralysis

Convulsion

Saprotrophic mode

Parasitic mode

Photosynthesis mode

Obligate mode

Actin

Myosin

Tropomyosin

Troponin

Mesosomes

Ribosomes

Storage bodies

Membrane bound organelles

After fertilization of gametes

Before spore formation

During binary fission

After binary fission

Plastoquinone

Cytochrome complex

P₇₀₀

Primary electron acceptor of PSI

Reducing NADP⁺

Oxidizing NADP⁺

Reducing Ferredoxin

Reducing P700

Water

Plastoquinone

Plastocyanin

Ferredoxin

C_n(H₂O)n

C(H₂O)n

C₂(H₂O)n

Cⁿ(H₂O)n

70%

20%

99%

60%

Ester bond

Ether linkage

Hydrogen bond

Ionic bond

Hydrolysis

Oxidation

Condensation

Glycolysis

Condensation

Hydrolysis

Glycolysis

Fixation

Two bands

Two A bands

Two M lines

Two Z lines

Enzymes

Cisternae

Pigment

Cristae

Intracellular digestion

Autophagy

Autolysis

Processing of cell secretions

Glycerol

Amine group

Fatty Acid

Phosphate group

Mesosomes

L_ysosomes

Ribosomes

Chromosome

Fructose

Glucose

Ribose

Deoxyribose

Chromatin

Lipid

Metal ions

Thylakoids

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Adreno Corticufrotric Hormone (ACH)

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

100-120

130-150

160-180

190-210

Made up of microfilaments

Contains centriole

Originates from basal bodies

They are immotile

K⁺

Na⁺

Ca⁺

Cl^-

Forebrain

Mid brain

Hind brain

Hippocampus

Humerus

Ulna

Femur

Radius

Lag

Log

Stationary

Decline

Osteoblasts

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

Osteons

Adenovirus

Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Influenza virus

Bacteriophage

T. H Morgan

Griffith

Walther

Mendel

Genome

Capsomere

Virion

Envelope

Poxivirus

Paporivirus

Picornovirus

Paramyxovirus

Genome injection

Penetration

Replication

Adsorption

HIV

Influenza virus

Morbilli virus (Measles)

Vibrio Cholerae (Cholera)

3-PGA

G3P

6-Carbon unstable intermediate

1,3 bisphosphoglycerate

Chemical formula C55H70O6N4Mg

Porphyrin ring with nitrogen in centre

Methyl group on second pyrrole ring

Aldehyde group on second pyrrole ring

Methanol

1-Butanol

1-Propanol

Ethanol

1s² 2s² 2p³

1s² 2s² 2p⁴

1s² 2s² 2p²

1s² 2s² 2p¹

Tartaric acid

Lactic acid

Phthalic acid

Formic acid

Reactants and products is equal

Reactants is more than that of products

Products is more than that of reactants

Reactants & Products will not change

Strong

Moderate

Weak

Absent

Phenol and water are equally acidic

Phenol is less acidic than carboxylicacid

Phenol is less acidic than water

Phenol is less acidic than ethanol

qV=nRt

pV=nRt

gV=nRt

yV=nRt

Low temperature and low pressure

High temperature and high pressure

Low temperature and high pressure

High temperature and low pressure

200-760 torr

760-1200 torr

665-670 torr

660-700 torr

Aluminum oxide

Magnesium oxide

Potassium oxide

Sodium oxide

Increase down the group

Decrease down the group

Increase then decrease down the group

Doesn't change down the group

Atomic number

Number of electrons

Number of isotopes & their abundance

None of the above

Ammonia

Ethyl alcohol

Carboxylic acids

Hydrocarbon

-CN

-NR₃⁺

-NH₂

-NO₂

Chain

Metamerism

Geometric

Tautomerism

steel

brass

bronze

graphite

[Ar] 3d⁴ 4s²

[Ar] 3d² 4s²

[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹

[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²

Split the reaction into two half reactions.

Assign an oxidation number to all the atoms involved in the equation.

Identify the element changing oxidation number

Equalize the number of electrons lost and gained

NaCl

CaO

NH₃BF₃

H₂O

It determines the shape of molecule

Pairs of electrons repel each other.

It helps in understanding the interaction of medicinal drug molecules.

Only lone pairs participate in determining geometry of molecules.

Mg

S

P

Na

Large radius and low charge density

Small radius and low charge density

Large radius and high charge density

Small radius and high charge density

High melting points

Good conductors of electricity

Hard metals

Ions and compounds are colorless

functional group

positional

metamerism

chain

Alicyclic and Aromatic

Alkenes and alkynes

Aromatic and Non aromatic

Saturated and Unsaturated

Plastic

Glass

Glucose

Rubber

Haber's

Le-Chatelier

Boyle's

Charles'

AICl₃

H₂SO₄

Sunlight

V₂O₅

High pressure, low temperature, continual removal of ammonia

Low pressure, low temperature, continual removal of ammonia

High pressure, high temperature, continual removal of ammonia

High pressure, low temperature, continual addition of ammonia

C₆H₆ + HNO₃ → C₆H₅NO₂ + H₂O (in presence of H₂SO₄ at 50–55°C)

C₆H₆ + HNO₃ → C₆H₅NO₂ + H₂O (without catalyst, room temperature)

C₆H₆ + NO₂⁺ → C₆H₅OH + HNO₂

C₆H₆ + H₂SO₄ → C₆H₅SO₃H + H₂O

Mass of an element

Empirical formula mass

Molar mass of an element

Formula mass

Cl, Br, I, F

F, CI, Br, I

Br, I, F, CI

I, F, Cl, Br

BiCL₃

H₂O

BiOCI

HCl

R spectroscopy

U.V spectroscopy

Mass Spectrometry

N.M.R

Strong bases causes substitution in preference to elimination

Role of leaving groups in elimination is simitar to substitution

Substitution is favored more than elimination by decreasing solvent polarity

Decrease in temperature will favor elimination more than substitution

Change in concentration of substance Time taken for the change

Time taken for the change Change in concentration of substance

Time taken for the change Change in concentration of substance x 100

Time taken for the change x Change in concentration of substance

SN₁

SN₂

E₁

E₂

Ether

Carboxylic acid

Ketones

Carbolic acid

Rate=k[A][B]

Rate= k[A]^a[B]^b,

Rate=k[A]^a

Rate=k[B]^b

CO₂

Cu₂O

AgO

SO₂

3rd order

2nd order

Ist order

Zero order

Nucleophilic substitution

Nucleophilic addition

Electrophilic substitution

Free radical addition

Overall mass of an isobar

It is a fractional mass.

It is molar mass of Ne

The average atomic mass of Ne

2 lobes

3 lobes

4 lobes

5 lobes

Atomizing the metal

lonizing the metal

Deionize the metal

lonize non metal

Enthalpy of formation

Enthalpy of reaction

Enthalpy of combustion

Enthalpy of neutralization

Amides

Acyl chloride

Esters

Acid anhydride

0

+1

-7

+7

Folic acid

Glutamic acid

Glycine

Lysine

K = Ae ^-Ea/QT

K = Ae ^-Ea/RT

K = Ae ^-Ea/ST

K = Ae ^-Ea/UT

Zero

1

-1

2

Dissipates after collision

Increases after the collision

Reduces after the collision

Before and after collision remains the same

They act on charges

They act on masses

They can be attractive.

They can be repulsive

Circular motion

Rotational motion

Projectile motion

Vibratory motion

З А

0.3 A

3 mA

0.3 mA

Joule's Law

Gauss Law

Ohm's Law

Ampere's Law

Speed of an object

Velocity of an object

Distance covered by object

Acceleration of an object

Double

Half

Remains same

Four times

Increases

Decreases

Remain same

Infinite

Current

Volt

Resistance

Power

Weight

Inertia

Speed

Acceleration

Electric flux

Magnetic flux

Electric flux density

Gravitational flux

3.6J

3.6 kJ

3.6 MJ

3.6 GJ

Lines start at north pole and ends at south pole

Lines never touch or cross each other

The lines are curved

The magnetic field is strongest when the lines are farthest.

Wbm⁻¹

Wbm

Wbm^-2

Wb

Frictional force

Electric foce

Magnetic force

Gravitational force

Ampere’s Law

Faraday’s Law

Lenz’s Law

Joule’s Law

Zero

2

1

1/2

1J

10J

0J

100J

Coulomb's law

Faraday's Law

Ampere's law

Hook's law

25 W

0.5 W

0.75 W

1 W

Power input is equal to Power output.

Power input is less than half of the power output.

Power input is greater than Power output

Power input is more than half of the power output.

Diode

Transistor

Transformer

Inductor

One diode connected in bridge-type arrangements

Two diodes connected in bridge-type arrangements

Three diodes connected in bridge type arrangements

Four diodes connected in a bridge type arrangement

Current and time

Voltage and time

Voltage and current

Reverse voltage forward voltage

1.5 rad/sec

2.5 rad/sec

3 rad/sec

3.5 rad/sec

6.63×10⁻³⁴ Js

6.63×10³⁴ Js

6.63×10-36 Js

6.63×10³⁴ Js⁻¹

6.6 X 10-10 m

1.5×10⁶ m

1.9×10⁻⁵ m

7.2×10⁻⁸ m

Interference

Photoelectric effect

Diffraction

Polarization

F' = 2F

F’ = 1/2 F

F’ = 4F

F’ = F

Lyman

Brackett

Pfund

Paschen

Ionization potential

Excitation potential

String potential

Acceleration potential

900m

10 m

450m

30 m

Have higher wavelength than visible light

They are part of electromagnetic spectrum

They are highly penetrating in soft body tissues

They are high energy photons

m

s

s^-1

m^-1

2m

1/2m

4 m

1m

High-energy particles on unstable elements

Low-energy particles on unstable elements

High-energy particles on stable elements

Low-energy particles on stable elements

2ⁿN₀

(1/2)ⁿN₀

(½ N₀)ⁿ

(2N₀)ⁿ

Skin burn

Loss of hair

Induction of cancer

Gene Mutation

Amplitude of vibration is zero.

Do not move along the string.

Produced at the fixed ends of strings

The distance between consecutive nodes is 1 wavelength.

Wave front

Wave crest

Wave trough

Wavelength

Two waves of equal frequency

Two waves of the same speed

Two waves of unequal amplitude

Two waves travelling in opposite directions

f₀ = fₛ (v + vₛ)/v

f₀ = fₛ v/(v + vₛ)

f₀ = fₛ (v - vₛ)/v

f₀ = fₛ (v + vₛ)/(v - vₛ)

Frequency

Amplitude

Wavelength

Time period

Remains constant during the initial phase of the process

Remains constant throughout the process

Alters throughout the process

Increases throughout the process

1

0

-1

2

Along the tangent

Perpendicular to the slope

Parallel to the radius

Anti-parallel to the radius

Neutron

Electron

Proton

Anti-neutrino

Force between two point charges is inversely proportional to the product of the charges and directly proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Force between two point charges is directly proportional to the sum of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and to the square of the distance between them.

Electric intensity

Electric power

Electric potential

Electric field gradient

coulomb

volt

farad

ampere

Non-uniform

Uniform

Cannot be predicted

Variable

1200V

300V

150V

2400V

Effort x distance

Effort + distance

Effort - distance

Effort + distance

A few

The few

Few

Fewer

It was greatly good by you to proposed day's picnic at murree.

It was awfully good by you to proposed a day's picnic in Murree.

It was awfully good of you to propose a day's picnic at Murree.

It was very good off you too propose days picnic in Murree.

The first space traveller was Dennis Tito from the United States.

The First Space Traveller Was Dennis Tito, from, the United states

The first space traveller was Dennis Tito-from united State

The first space travaler was Dennis Tito, from the United States

Up

Down

After

In

In 1838 schleiden suggested that all plants were made of cells

In 1838 schleiden suggest that all plants were made of cells

In 1838 schleiden suggested that all plants were make of cells.

In 1838 schleiden suggested to all plants were made of cells

Pharaoh

Pharoah

Pheroh

Pheraoh

He said to his disciples “Watch and pray. ”

He said to his disciples, “Watch and pray.”

He said to his disciples, “watch and, pray”

He said to his disciples’ “ watch and pray. ”

Have never known

Had never knew

Had never been known

Would never knew

Taste

Tastes

Is tasting

Has taste

The supervisor has nor will ever compromise.

The supervisor have nor will ever compromise.

The supervisor has not compromised nor will ever compromise.

The supervisor has nor will ever compromised.

Coil

Deliver

Spoil

Spread

Collection of stars

Branch of astrology

Forefathers

Type of receptors

In excess

A mathematical term

Within reach

Salutation

"The unexamined life", said Socrates, "is unfit to be lived by man".

The inexamined life, said Socrates, "is unfit to be lived by man"

"The unexamined life said Socrates", is disfit to be lived by man.

"The disexamined life" said Socrates is unfit to be lived by man.

You have often heard of me speeking of my friend Wahaj waheed a barrister here.

You have often heard of me speak of my friend, Wahaj Waheed, who is a barrister here.

You have often heard me. Speak off my friend wahaj waheed, who is a Barrister here.

you have often heard of me speak about my friend: Wahaj waheed-a barrister hear.

She has beauty, brains and wealth - a rare combination.

She has beauty, brains, and wealth - a rare combination.

She has beauty, brains and wealth; a rare combination.

She has beauty, brains and wealth: a rare combination.

P+Q+R= 16

P+Q +R =12

(Q+R) ×P= 30

(Q+R) ×P= 8

Statement I is the cause and Statement II is the effect.

Statement II is the cause and Statement I is the effect.

Both statements I and II are independent causes.

Both the statement I and II are the effects of independent causes.

Only iii statement is correct

Only i and ii are correct

Only i and iii are correct

Only ii and iii are correct

GFN

DEK

GEL

DFK

X is 13, Y is 24, Z is 11

X is 13, Y is 21, Z is 22

X is 11, Y is 21, Z is 11

X is 11, Y is 24, Z is 22

I

II

III

I and III