Nuclear Physics

A radioactive decay is represented by the equation below, what do and represent?

A certain radioactive mass decays from 64 gm to 2 gm in 20 days. What is its half - life?

Which device is the most efficient?

The cobalt is absorbed by:

The neutron is assumed to be made of:

_______ are the particles that experience Strong Nuclear force.

Which one is a stable element on the basis of binding energy?

Beta ray emitted by a radioactive substance is:

Ultraviolet radiations cause:

The emission of γ-radiations from the nucleus is generally represented by the equation:

If a particle of mass 5.0 mg moves with the speed of 8.0 m/sec, then the de-Broglle's wavelength will be:

Einstein's photoelectric equation is given by:

Two radioactive elements X and Y have half-lives of 25 minutes and 75 minutes respectively. Sample of X and Y initially contain equal number of atoms. After 150 minutes, what is the value of the following fraction? No. of nuclei of X unchanged/No. of nuclei of Y unchanged

What is the drawback of nuclear energy?

The SI unit of absorbed dose ‘D’ i.e. radiation effect is Gray and one Gray is equal to:

Decay constant ‘λ’ is given as:

In the half-life of an element, the equation for the number of decaying atoms is given by:

The transformation of a neutron into a proton in the nucleus gives rise to the emission of:

Energy radiation absorbed at the rate of one joule per kilogram is called:

Sodium-24 is used for:

Radioisotopes that are used to combat cancer of the thyroid gland are:

The relation between the decay constant ‘λ’ and the half-life T12 of a radioactive substance is:

Emission of γ-rays from radioactive elements results in:

Thorium is transformed after the transmission of a beta particle into:

The mass of Radium atom decreases by 8.6 x 10^-3 kg, mass defect equivalent to energy is:

The quantity of uranium is 400g, the amount of uranium left after 3 half lives is:

What will be Z:

The relation between gray and rad is given as: 1 Gy = ______ rad

An artificial radioactive element can be made by bombarding.

The time in which half of the given number of radioactive nuclei decay is known as

After 3 half-lives, the remaining fraction of a radioactive sample is:

The protons in the nucleus of an atom DO NOT exit out due to

The skin cancer can be caused by :

Which of the following electromagnetic radiation has the highest penetrating power?

A 40g radioactive material is placed in a chamber, having a half-life of 20 days. How much will be left after 80 days:

When two negative beta particles are emitted from a nucleus, then the mass number:

The force responsible for binding the nucleus is:

For skin cancerous cells diagnostic, the radioisotopes used is

The size and location of tumors in the brain determined by

If the mass of the body is 80 kg who receives a lethal whole body equivalent dose of 400 G_y. Then how much is absorbed.

Which of the following isotope of hydrogen is unstable?

Let T be the half-life of a certain radioactive element and N0​ be the number of atoms present in the sample at t=0. After time 3T, what percent of atoms present at t=0 will have decayed?

Which of the following statements is correct: I. nuclear radiation with the least penetrating power has the most ionization power II. nuclear radiation with the most penetrating power has the least ionization power

A slow neutron will cause fission in ?

Mass number of an atom represents the number of

Gamma ray camera can observe radiations from the .............. that are concentrated in the organs.

λ is a ............ constant.

Mass number A refers to ..............

Cancerous thyroid is treated

If the half-life of any radioactive nucleus is 0.693 years, what will be the value of decay constant?

The strength of a radiation source is indicated by its activity measured in Becquerel. So, 10 Becquerel is equal to _ decay per second.

Which of the following is NOT the Somatic biological effect of radiation?

If we have "N₀" number of any radioactive element then after a period of "n" half-lives the number of atoms left behind is:

The unit of decay constant is;

An artificial radioactive element can be made by bombarding.

In law of radioactive decay N = Ne, the ratio N No is called:

The proton number of a nucleus increases after emission of:

In the equation of nuclear decay p^1 → →n^1 + x , x is:

The binding energy of a deuteron (IH) is 2.3 MeV, its binding energy per nucleon will be:

In radioactivity, the product of half-life T₁/2 and decay constant (4) is equal to:

When a radioactive nucleus emits a gamma radiation then the mass number of atom is:

Radio isotopes can be formed by bombardment with which particles:

In an experiment count rate of a sample of a radioactive element tale from 400 counts per second to 50 counts per second in 50 minutes. What is the half-life of radioactive element?

Skin burns, loss of hair, drop in white blood cells, etc are examples of:

The half-life of caron is 5730 years. How much carbon will be left after 22920 years?

The half-life of Iodine-31 is

For the treatment of cancer, the source of gamma rays used is:

In physics it ia observed that when matter and anti-matter combine, they form

Which one is the stable element in the following:

Curie is the unit of?

Which one is not the unit of radioactivity?

Radioactivity does not depend upon:

Which radiation cannot be generated under electron transitions in different orbits?

The half life of a radioactive sample predicts about

The half-life of Strontium (Sr) is 8.70 hours. Its decay constant is:

It has been observed that Thorium (_90234)Th is transformed into Protactinium (_91234)Pa after the emission of particle:

A low energy neutron has RBE factor of 10. How much energy is absorbed by a man of mass 80 Kg if the value of equivalent dose is 400 rem?

In nuclear reaction, 7N14 + 2He4 -> 8O17+_ the missing particle is:

Half life of a radioactive sample is given by:

According to the law of radioactive decay, the rate of disintegration is directly proportional to:

When a nucleus emits beta particle, its mass number remains constant but charge number increases by:

A low energy neutron has RBE factor of 10. How much energy is absorbed by a man of mass 80 Kg. if the value of equivalent dose is 400 rem?

At the end of 14 min, 1/16 of a sample of radioactive Polonium remains. The corresponding half-life is:

The decay constant of sodium (Na) is 0.0000128 /s. The half-life of sodium is:

The process of natural decay of some heavy nuclides is because of the phenomenon.

At the end of 15 min, 1/32 of a sample of radioactive polonium remains. The corresponding half-life is:

Radioactive kcSr has a half-life of 30 years. What percent of a sample of kcSr will remain after 90 years?

The half-life of a radioactive element is 100 days. How much quantity of the 88 g of such element will remain after 3 half-lives:

The decay rate of radioactive substance is:

The SI unit of equivalent dose is:

Skin burn, loss of hair, drop in white blood cell and induction of cancer are example of _ of radiation:

The rate of radioactive decay is directly proportional to the stability of the:

The unit of radio activity is curie which is equal to:

Half-life of radon gas is:

In beta positive decay, the nuclear number is:

Radiations are dangerous to living organisms because they damage the cell by:

While using radiation therapy, cancerous thyroid is treated with _ radioisotope.

The number of neutrons present in a nucleus is determined by:

_ are such nuclei of an element that have the same atomic number Z, but have different mass number.

Which of the following is the region with the greatest stability of a nucleon?

Which of the following particles experience the strongest nuclear force?

The X in the given nuclear equation is 94Be+42He—>126C + X

In the given diagram, different parts of a nuclear reactor are shown.Which of the following correctly identifies the labeled part "Q" in the above diagram?

Cosmic radiations come from

The Uranium nucleus 23892U emits an alpha-particle to become thorium, which then emits a beta-particle to become protactinium. What is the proton number (atomic number) of protactinium?

A sample of radioactive substance contains No nuclei. How many of these nuclei will have decayed after a time interval of two half-lives?

The turbine in a steam power takes steam from a boiler at 427°C and exhaust into a low temperature reservoir at 77°C. What is the maximum possible efficiency?

The turbine in a steam power takes steam from a boiler at 427°C and exhausts into a low-temperature reservoir at 77°C. What is the maximum possible efficiency?

Identify the main type (s) of nuclear reactors:

The half-life T₁/2, of a radioactive element is that period in which _ of the atoms decay.

Identify the isotope/s of Helium.

Identify the main type(s) of nuclear reactors:

A reaction in which a heavy nucleus like that of uranium splits up into two nuclei of roughly equal size along with the emission of energy during the reaction is called a:

The half-life T of a radioactive element is that period in which _ of the atoms decay.

Identify the isotope/s of Helium:

A nucleus consists of nucleons comprising of protons and neutrons. A proton has a positive charge equal to and has a mass:

If a process cannot be retracted in the backward direction by reversing the controlling factors. It is a/an:

A zirconium nucleus is a ß-emitter. The product nucleus is also a ß-emitter. What is the final resulting nucleus of these two decays?

In the nuclear reaction shown below what is the value of the coefficient?92U235+ 0n1_ = 56Kr89+γon1 + 200MeV

When a gamma photon is entered into the nucleus it:

For two down quarks, the total charge is:

The level of radiation to which the human body can be exposed is _ times the radiation from natural sources.

In medical diagnosis for precise internal imaging of brain, _ radiographs are used.

The charge on the neutron is:

Alpha rays are nuclear radiation. They are the same as the _ nuclei.

In water pipes _ is used to detect leakages.

A radioactive substance has a half-life of 60 minutes. During 3 hours, the percentage of the material that decayed would be:

A stationary nucleus has nucleon number A. The nucleus decays by emitting a proton with speed “v” to form a new nucleus with speed u. The new nucleus and the proton move away from one another in opposite directions. Which equation gives “v” in terms of A and u?

An α-particle is accelerated through a potential difference of 106 volts, K.E is:

Two radioactive samples 𝑆1 and 𝑆2 have half-lives of 3 hours and 7 hours respectively. If they have the same activity at certain instant 𝑡, what is the ratio of the number of atoms of 𝑆1 to 𝑆2 at instant 𝑡?

A radioactive isotope has a half-life of 3 days. The time after which its activity is reduced to 6.25% of its original activity is:

The activity of a certain nuclide is governed by the relation ∆𝑁/∆𝑡= −𝜆𝑁 where 𝜆 = 2.4 × 10−8𝑠−1. What is the half-life of the nuclide?

The nuclear equation shown has a term missing. What is represented by the missing term?

Which particle is a fundamental particle?

Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks forms a neutron?

Which of the following has maximum ionizing power?

The half-life of radium is about 1600 years. If 100 g radium exists now, 25 g will remain undecayed after:

The emission of radiation from radioactive substances is:

Which one of the following emissions takes place in the nuclear reaction? 90Th234 → 91Pa232 + _ + 20n1

Isotopes are those nuclei of an element that have:

10 Joules of energy is absorbed by a 10-gram mass from a radioactive source. What is the absorbed dose?

The emission of alpha particles from a radioactive substance causes:

Among the three types of radioactive radiation, which has the strongest penetration power?

In a cloud chamber, the path of β-particles is:

What is the absorbed dose ‘D’ of a sample of 2 kg which is given an amount of 100 J of radioactive energy?

Three paths of radioactive radiation are observed as shown in the figure in the presence of an electric field. Which type of radiation is shown in path 1?

A radioactive isotope ‘W’ decays to ‘X’ which decays to ‘Y’ and ‘Y’ decays to ‘Z’ as represented by the figure below. What is the change in the atomic number from ‘W’ to ‘Z’?

A naturally occurring radioactive element decays into two alpha particles. Which one of the following represents the status of the daughter element concerning the mass number ‘A’ and charge number ‘Z’?

A Uranium isotope 92U232 undergoes one α–decay and two β-1 – decay. What is the final product?

A beta (β) particle is a fast-moving electron. During a β – decay how does the atomic number and mass number of a nucleus change?

Which one of the following isotopes of Iodine is used for the treatment of thyroid cancer?

For the radiotherapy of a patient, it is required to double the absorbed dose in gray. What step must be taken?

Which of the following is used to estimate the circulation of blood in a patient?

Which one of the following particles is emitted as a result of the following nuclear reaction?Ra226 → Rn222

The ratio of the rate of decay of a parent atom to the number of radioactive nuclei present at that time is equal to:

The transformation of a neutron into proton in the nucleus, gives rise to emission of:

The half-life of a radioactive element is:

The ionizing capability of gamma rays is:

Which of the following effects is observed due to the emission of β- during the phenomenon of radioactivity?

The isotope of Iodine-131 is used in the treatment of:

In a radioactive phenomenon observation is shown in the figure where α deviates less than β in some electric or magnetic field (not shown in the figure). What is the reason for less deviation?

Which of the following is the unit of absorbed dose?

The half-life of sodium-24 is _ which is used to estimate the volume of blood in a patient.

A radioactive nuclide decays by emitting an alpha particle, a beta particle, and a gamma ray photon, the change in the nucleon number will be:

What is the charge on alpha particles emitted during the phenomenon of radioactivity?

In Wilson Cloud Chamber which of the following tracks represented β-particles?

Sodium 24 has a half-life of 15 hours and it is used in medicine to estimate:

In fluid flow, for the equation of continuity A1v1 = A2v2. If the velocity of the fluid at one end is doubled, then what will be the cross-sectional area at this end?

Cobalt 60 is used in medicine and is an intense source of:

During the decay of radioactive isotopes 232X90 to a stable isotope, six α-particles and four β - particles are emitted, what is the atomic number ‘Z’ and mass number ‘A’ of the stable isotopes?

A certain radioactive nuclide of mass number ‘x’ decays by β-emission and α-emission to a second nuclide of mass number ‘t’. Which of the following correctly relates ‘x’ and ‘t’?

In the reaction, 234Th92 → 234Y91 + 0e-1, the electron 0e-1 emits from the:

Which type of radiation do explosions give off?

The product of the charge on two down quarks is:

X-rays are absorbed by:

What is the charge of the up quark?

Sunlight consists of:

_ time is required for all atoms to decay.

The ionization power of _ ray is the highest.

When one electron strikes with one proton, both will:

The atomic mass unit is the unit of:

Isotopes of an element have different numbers of:

A sample of a radioactive element with an initial mass of 24 g decays to 3 g in 36 minutes. How much of the original sample remained after the first 12 minutes?

The angular momentum of a photon is:

O_zone is an isotope of:

A beta particle is a _.

Beta decay means the emission of an electron from:

How many down quarks are there in neutrons?

The phenomenon of radioactivity is:

An element X with A=14 and Z=6 has how many neutrons?

The down quark has a charge:

1 Rutherford is equal to:

"The convection process transfers heat faster than radiation".

A radioactive decay rate of 3.7 x 1010 disintegrations per second defines the unit of measurement known as the:

1 Curie is equal to:

Which rays need medium to travel?

Coherent source of light means:

Find the probability that the nucleus of 87Ra 221 undergoes decay after three half-lives if it's a radioactive substance with a half-life of 6 days.

If a nucleus absorbs a photon, the energy of the nucleus:

The radius R of a nucleus is given by:

A radioactive element emits 200 particles per second. After three hours 25 particles per second are emitted. The half-life period of the element will be:

The radioactive element when decays to the first half life the new element is called:

Which ion represents alpha particles?

What will be the product after the alpha decay of U238?

The half-life of radium is about 1600 years. Of 100 g of radium existing now, 25 g will remain unchanged after:

The half-life of a radioactive substance is 40 years. How long will it take to reduce to one-fourth of its original amount and what is the value of decay constant?

What is the fraction of atoms left after the 10 half-life of a substance?

The unit for absorption power is:

What is the atomic number and mass number of Helium?

The fusion reaction is almost _ times stronger than the fission reaction.

The spin of quarks is:

If the nuclear radius of Al -27 is 3.6 fm, the approximate nuclear radius of Cu-64 in fm is:

Isotopes of an element have a different number of:

Radon-222 has 136 neutrons, how many neutrons are there in Radon-220?

A radioactive sample with a half life of 1 month has the label : “Activity=2 micro curies on 1.8.1991." What will be its activity two months later?

Isotopes mean the elements have the same:

Isotopes means the addition of additional _ in the same proton number.

If alpha, beta, and gamma rays carry the same momentum, which has the longest wavelength?

The nuclear force is :

The proton and antiproton collision will result in:

The radiations all around us are called _ radiations.

The unstable atom means:

SI unit of equivalent dose is:

When deuterium and tritium fuse together they form?

Which of the constants is not related to radiation?

T₁ and T₂ are the half-lives of two radioactive elements of decay constant A, and A_z respectively then the value of T,/T_z is .......?

Which isotope has the highest momentum when moving with the same velocity?

The particle that possesses half-integral spin has?

Wave nature of electron is similar to?

Whenever new nuclei are formed energy is _.

How many milligrams of tritium will remain after 49.2 years if the starting amount is 32 mg? The half-life of tritium is 12.3 years.

To start a fusion reaction, the energy required is _.

The core of earth is hot due to _.

Which element is used to absorb gamma radiations?

Which rays have highest mass

What is the S.I. unit of radioactivity?

Which of the following is the same for isotopes?

What is the half-time of a radioactive sample (in minutes), if its mean life is 200 s?

Which reaction is endothermic?

The quarks are fundamental particles. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

One isotope of Uranium is U-238. Any other isotope of Uranium must have

A material is made with two different shapes; which surface will absorb more heat in less time?

Uranium-238 forms thorium-234 after radioactive decay and has a half-life of 4.5 x 109 years. How many years will it take to decay 75% of the initial amount?

What will be the decay constant of substance whose half life is 1 hour. Give your answer in (sec^-1).

The total charge on any nucleus is _.

UV radiation is formed by bombarding gas molecules with _.

Centrifuge is used to purify _.

In fission reactions when the nucleus breaks, heat energy is _.

Which particle has dual nature?

The radius R of a nucleus is given by

If a nucleus with 198 atomic masses releases an alpha particle, its new mass becomes _.

The radiation reached on earth by sun is:

Scattering is a process involving

The control rods in a nuclear reactor control the reaction by

Radioactive material decays by simultaneous emission of two particles with half-lives of 1620 and 810 years. What is the time, in years, after which one-fourth of the material remains?

If two particles collide with one anti particle the resultant will give

For an unknown element X the wavelength recorded is 2.9x10A-2 m, the half life of element is _ years

The radioactive isotope of Carbon is

Wave nature of He atom is similar to

1 rutherford is equal to

The process by which a heavy nucleus splits up into lighter nuclei is known as:

The deuterium atom has _ quarks

If 238U decay two gamma particles the new atomic number will be?

The forces of friction causes:

X-rays were discovered in:

Which one of the following statements is correct?

Atom is neutral because it has equal number of?

Radioactive waste is used as:

The charge on gamma rays is:

The SI unit of absorbed dose is:

The effect of nuclear bomb radiation lasts for:

The star which is very hot will emit:

Beta-decay means emission of electron from:

A sample of F-18 is used internally as a medical diagnostic tool to look for the effect of the positron decay (T₁/2 = 110 min), how long does it take for 99% of the F-18 to decay?

The artifacts and fossils are used to estimate ages by measuring _ content.

Which radiation is used in greenhoue effect?

Isotopes of an element have different number of

_ are such nuclei of an element that have the same mass number A, but have different charge number Z.

The numbers of neutrons present in a nucleus is given by:

Radiotherapy used in the treatment of cancer usually use gamma-rays from:

The half-life of a radioactive substance is 5 minutes. The amount of substance decayed in 20 min will be:

The half-life of Au-198 is 2.7 days. What will be the activity of 1 mg of Au-198?

If a person is irradiated accidently by high radiation, what immediate effects would be seen?

Half-life of radioactive element means:

Absorbed dose, D, is defined as the energy absorbed from ionization radiation per unit?

The speed of photons in vacuum is _ than in liquid water?

The half life of a radioactive element is?

The nucleus of what element, is made up of more neutrons than protons?

As the mass number increases, which of the following does not change?

Half life of radioactive nuclide is 20 hours. What fraction of original activity will remain after 40 hours?

The units of Wein's constant is _.

The charge on electron is equal to:

The reason that white light is not harmful radiation is that:

If the decay constant is recorded 2.3x10-4 m as half life of 14C, the half life of element is _ years.

In gold foil experiment incident radiation on gold nuclei were scattered by: