Bioenergetics

In __________ zone the light is insufficient to support photosynthesis.

Which of the following does not belong to angiospermic families?

Which form of anaerobic respiration occurs in muscle cell of humans and other animals during extreme physical activities?

Chlorophylls absorb mainly ______________ wave length.

In what stage of aerobic respiration is carbon dioxide produced?

Which bond is the potential source of chemical energy for cellular activities?

During photorespiration, the glycolate is converted into glycine in a structure of ceil called:

Krebs Cycle in mitochondria takes place in:

The molecule formed after first phosphorylation during glycolysis is:

Which of the following molecules is reduced by accepting hydrogen in the Calvin cycle?

The immediate source of energy for cellular metabolism is

Electron transport chain explains:

Each carrier in the electron transport chain is first _ and then _.

What is the end product of gIucose by yeast in anaerobic respiration?

Energy is by the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, such reactions are called catabolic reactions

The major enzymes involved in transfer of phosphate group from ATP to Glucose is:

Out of 36 ATPs, how many are produced in electron transport chain?

Which is the major event in electron transport chain?

NAD is an important?

In the Calvin cycle, CO₂ reacts with RuBP to produce _.

The PS II, during light reaction,s receives electrons from splitting:

Enzyme NADP reductase is responsible for:

In the journey of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I plastocyanin is reduced by:

The accumulation of ‘lactic acid’ in the muscles results in:

According to Lock and Key model, the active site is regarded as:

Effect of increased substrate concentration on enzyme activity:

The most primitive respiratory process occurring in a living cell is;

Carbon dioxide joins the photosynthetic pathway at:

ATP formation during photosynthesis is known as:

The second ATP is consumed in _ step of glycolysis.

Thylakoid membranes contain:

In plants, Chlorophyll contains which central element?

Photophosphorylation takes place in the _ of the chloroplasts.

During photosynthesis, ATP synthesis takes place when electrons move from:

Which of the following process does not need Pyruvic Acid as a substrate?

In the light independent stage of photosynthesis, the CO₂ combines with ______ to form an unstable 6-carbon intermediate.

The complete aerobic oxidation of glucose results in the synthesis of as many as _ molecules of ATP.

RuBP + O2 ---Rubisco---> PGA + _

In plants chlorophyll contains which central element?

Conversion of light energy into chemical energy is function of:

Incorrect statement for photosynthesis is:

The most abundant protein in chloroplast is:

What would happen if green plants disappear from the earth?

The percentage of light absorbed by the leaf

PS I has chlorophyll a molecule that absorbs maximum light of _ nm.

Air contains _ % of CO2

About _ % of photosynthesis is carried by terrestrial plants, while the rest occurs in oceans, lakes, and ponds.

Carotenoids perform a protective function in:

The molecular formula of chlorophyll b is:

From one pyruvate passing through Kreb's cycle, how many NADH are formed?

In Anaerobic respiration, only _ % of the energy present within the chemical bond of glucose is converted into ATP.

In which of the following component of the body, does lactic acid fermentation takes place:

Which one of the following is light-gathering?

What is the end product of glycolysis that does not enter the Kreb's cycle directly?

Exchange of the respiratory gases between organism and environment is termed as:

Initial incorporation of carbon dioxide into organic material refers to which reaction?

A process that uses membranes to couple redox reactions to ATP production is termed as:

The water splitting step of photosynthesis that releases oxygen is called as:

A graph plotting absorption of light of different wave lenghts by a pigment is called as:

Carbon dioxide released by respiration just equals the quantity required by photosynthesizing cells. At this moment there is no net gas exchange between the leaves and the atmosphere. This is termed as?

The process in which energy-poor, inorganic and oxidized compounds of carbon and hydrogen are reduced to energy-rich carbohydrates (glucose) using light energy that is converted into chemical energy by chlorophyll and other pigments is called:

In photosynthesis, the dark reaction is called so because

How many number of carbon atoms are present in a molecule of Rubisco?

Location of dark reactions in chloroplast:

RuBisCO converts addition of_with RUBP to gylceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Molecular formula of chlorophyll b is:

Which one is a light gathering structure?

Molecular oxygen is released during:

In which stage of photosynthesis. ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP-Pi and NADP+?

FADH2 is produced in?

End product of citric acid cycle:

Fatty acid release considerable amount of energy in oxidation during:

Succinate is oxidized and form:

Which process can take place in the presence and absence of oxygen?

Acetyl CoA is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and liberates:

Glyceraldehyde phosphate is oxidized during glycolysis. What happens to hydrogen atom and the electron that are removed during oxidation?

Fermentation is

When yeast is producing wine, which of the following is NOT formed?

When a molecule of pyruvic acid is subjected to anaerobic oxidation and forms lactic acid, there is

Cu is present in

The source of hydrogen atom for the synthesis of glucose is

Which of following does not occur during light reaction?

The primary acceptor during CO2 fixation in C3 plants is

NADP Is converted into NADPH2 in

The final acceptor of electron during noncyclic electron pathway is

Where do the energy capturing reactions of photosynthesis occur?

If a photosynthesizing plant releases oxygen containing more than the normal amount of 18O, it is concluded that the plant has been supplied with

Which of the following equation most adequately sums up the photosynthetic reaction?

Which substance enter and leave a mitochondrion during aerobic respiration?

The incomplete breakdown of sugars in anaerobic respiration results in the formation of:

The first stable product of Calvin cycle is:

A process of CO2 fixation in photosynthesis by which the first product is the four-carbon oxaloacetate molecule is called:

Energy can be made available to the body in the following ways: (I) Conversion of surplus amino acids and glycerol to blood glucose and the mobilization of fat deposits which pass to the tissues for oxidation. (II) Breakdown of liver and muscle glycogen to form glucose. (III)Breakdown of tissue proteins to release amino acids which are then converted into glucose. In which order does the body draw on potential energy when it is being starved of food?

Energy can be made available to the body in the following ways :(I) Conversion of surplus amino acids and glycerol to blood glucose and mobilization of fat deposits which pass to the tissue for oxidation .(II) Breakdown of liver and muscle glycogen to form glucose .(III) Tissue protein to release aminoacids which are then converted into glucose in which order does the body draw on potential energy when it is being starved of food?

Photophosphorylation during photosynthesis results in the formation of:

Given plants carry on respiration:

During which of the following processes ATP is produced? (I) Photosynthesis(II) Aerobic respiration(III) Anaerobic respiration

A drug reduces mitochondrial activity in nephrons of the kidney. Which chemical will be present in increased amounts in the urine?

The diagram summarizes the pathway a glucose breakdownHexose ↓Triose phosphate↓Pyruvate↓Acetyl CoA↓6C compound↓H2O + CO2Which two steps result in a net increase of ATP.

Which type of mammalian cell does not carry out oxidative phosphorylation?

"Photo-phosph-rylation" is:

To reduce one molecule of O2 _ _ _ electron(s) must be passed through the electron transport chain and _ _ _ molecule(s) of NADH ls(are) oxidized.

Which of the following releases 7.3 kcal energy when terminal phosphate is lost?

In glycolysis, the conversion of Glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate involves:

Which of the following chemical activity is involved in the conversion of pyruvate into acetaldehyde during anaerobic respiration?

The quantitative study of energy relationship in a biological system is called?

Location of photosynthetic pigments in purple sulphur bacteria:

Van Neil hypothesis about the production of oxygen during photosynthesis was based on the study and investigations on:

PGAL is formed during the oxidative phase of _.

Approximately how much calories of free energy is stored in plant biomass for every mole of CO2 fixed during photosynthesis ?

Oleic acid is a fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms. It breaks down into 9 acetyl groups. It is estimated that these nine acetyl groups would generate _ ATP molecules.

Which statement about chlorophyll is not true?

Phosphatases belong to which group of the following:

Which wave lengths are mainly absorbed by chlorophyll?

Organization of photosynthetic pigment into clusters is:

Which of the following is absent in C4 Plants:

The following statement is true for the absorption spectra of photosynthesis:

In Citric Acid Cycle Acetyl CoA combines with:

The term glycolysis refers to the conversion of:

Which light is mostly absorbed by chlorophyll-a?

Which part of chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

A biochemical process which occurs within a cell to breakdown complex compounds to produce energy is called:

The end product of anaerobic respiration in humans and other mammals is:

Every molecule of NADH, fed into ETC produces:

Pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis moves from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix where it is oxidized into _ producing CO2 as a by-product.

Which one of the following is the stage of cellular respiration for which oxygen is not essential:

In one turn, the Krebs's cycle produces one molecule of ATP, one molecule of FADH2 and _ molecules of NADH.

Oxidative phase of glycolysis starts with dehydrogenation of:

The most common respiratory substrate as a source of energy is:

Which one of the following is the site of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria?

Z-scheme is used for:

Some electron from the second primary acceptor may pass back to chlorophyll molecules by electron carrier system, yielding ATP. This process is called:

Before entering Krebs's cycle, the pyruvate is first decarboxylated and oxidized into:

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of:

Oxidative phosphorylation, synthesis of ATP in the presence of oxygen occurs in:

Krebs cycle takes place in:

Enzyme succinate dehydrogenase converts succinate into:

Which one are intermediates in respiration and photosynthesis both?

One molecule of FADH2 is produced in Krebs's cycle during conversion of:

The terminal electron acceptor in electron transport chain is:

Total NADH formed by one glucose molecule during Krebs's Cycle are:

The product(s) of cyclic photophosphorylation is/are:

Carriers of the respiratory chain are located on:

In electron transport chain, the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed to:

Malate is oxidized by _ to oxaloacetate in Krebs's Cycle.

In glycolysis, glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate is converted into glycerate-3-phosphate by losing _ phosphate molecules.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy. The reaction mentioned above is:

Hexokinase is used in:

When NADH gives electron to oxygen, the number of ATP molecules produced are:

Which of the following gains electrons at the end of oxidative phosphorylation?

Where does oxygen come from in photosynthesis?

Enzymes for the light-dependent reactions are present in:

Van Niel studied photosynthesis in:

How many ATP molecules are made from one molecule of glucose during anaerobic cellular respiration?

Where does the dark reaction of photosynthesis take place?

The glycine generated during photorespiration enters?

Of the following, which one is a light gathering structure?

The G3P is end product of which process?

The respiratory chain electron carrier that directly binds oxygen is:

In this stage of photosynthesis, ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP+Pi and NADP+

Which enzyme is found in the thylakoid membrane that facilitates chemiosmosis?

The dense fluid filled region in the chloroplast is:

Which two reactions occur during photophosphorylation?

How does pyruvate enter the Kreb's cycle after glycolysis?

Water vapors exit and carbon dioxide enters a leaf through:

The part of the chloroplast where carbon dioxide is fixed to manufacture sugar is:

The organisms able to use sunlight directly as a source of energy are:

The net yield of H2O in photosynthesis is?

How is ATP molecule used by the cells?

What was the source of hydrogen for first photosynthetic organisms?

The ETC in plants consists of an electron carrier called _.

Water vapours exit and CO2 enters a leaf through the _.

For every 3 molecules of carbon dioxide in Calvin cycle how much G3P is produced?

Rate of photosynthesis does not depend upon _.

Out of the six molecules of G3P, how many molecules are used to make glucose?

What percentage of the leaf surface does stomata cover?

How does pyruvate enter the 'Krebs cycle' after glycolysis?

In which of the following components of the body does lactic acid fermentation take place?

Rate of photosynthesis does not depend upon ------------

Photosystems are located in ---------

What is the most common electron transport chain?

NADH is oxidised by which coenzyme in the ETC?

The synthesis of ATP in the presence of oxygen is called:

Cooperation of the two photosystems of the chloroplast is required for?

What does ATP provide during photosynthesis?

The dark reaction in photosynthesis where sugars are synthesized are called?

Final acceptor of electrons in respiratory chain is?

Which cells absorb carbon dioxide in the leaf?

The part of the chlorophyll molecule is embedded in the core of the thylakoid membrane which is?

How many carbons does citrate have in the Krebs cycle?

Cytochromes are electron transport intermediates containing:

The Light reaction takes place in?

In all plants the major sites of photosynthesis are?

Where does the molecular mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation take place?

Tropical plants such as sugarcane show high efficiency of CO2 fixation because of:

Which of the following organisms have the greatest problem with photorespiration?

In photosynthesis dark reaction,is called so because:

Thylakoids in chloroplasts are stacked into?

Acetyl CoA completely oxidizes to Carbon dioxide and liberates _.

The electrons from Fd to NADP are transferred by which enzyme?

What reactant is utilized during the sugar production in photosynthesis?

Chlorophylls are found embedded in the _ membranes.

Visible light used in photosynthesis ranges from nm?

How many carbons does citrate have in the Krebs' cycle?

The radiations most important to life are called?

The reaction of carbon dioxide and RUBP is catalyzed by?

What is pyruvate broken down to in yeast?

Cellular respiration is essentially what type of process?

Which type of light causes the highest rate of photosynthesis?

Water vapor exits and CO2 enters a leaf through the _.

A 25 years old female with chronic fatigue was diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and low blood count. What is the cause of her fatigue?

Which of the following processes can take place in the presence and absence of oxygen?

The Calvin cycle is:

What is the copper-containing protein involved in the ETC in plants?

In photosynthesis, the dark reaction is called so because:

The point at which there is no net exchange of gases between leaves and atmosphere is known as?

Out of the 6 molecules of G3P, how many molecules are used to make glucose?

The stage of photosynthesis that actually produces sugar is:

Magnesium is important for the synthesis of which of the following?

The water splitting step of photosynthesis is called?

Which one is not an energy releasing process?

The part of chlorophyll molecule embedded in the core of thylakoid membrane is?

Phosphofructokinases enzyme converts fructose-6-phosphate into?

Which of the following light is least absorbed by plants?

Bacteriochlorophylls does not include which of the following?

The organisms able to use sunlight directly as a source of energy are?

'First Actions Spectrum' was obtained by using?

For every 3 molecules of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle, how much G3P is produced?

Carbon dioxide is fixed in:

What is generated during non-cyclic flow of photosynthesis?

About what percentage of photosynthesis is carried by terrestrial plants, while the rest occurs in ocean, lakes, and ponds?

What percentage of carbon dioxide does air contain?

Photosynthesis is a process in which _ compounds of carbon and hydrogen are reduced to carbohydrate-like compounds (glucose) using light energy.

The synthesis of ATP in the presence of oxygen is called?

The most important photosynthetic pigment is?

ATP is used:

What is produced in the muscle cells during extreme physical activity?

Photosystems are located in

Each Kreb's cycle forms how many molecules of NADH?

The path of electrons through the two photosystems is called?

What are the different stages of the calvin cycle?

Coenzyme Q is oxidized by which coenzyme in the ETC?

What type of molecule is Chlorophyll?

Which two reactions occur during photophosphorylation.

Which of the following statements about the head of a chlorophyll molecule is incorrect?

Photorespiration in C-4 plants starts from:

Where does the light dependent reaction takes place, in the plant cell?

Glycolysis takes place in:

What is the correct sequence for movement of electrons during the light-dependent reaction?

The Van Niel hypothesis about the production of oxygen during photosynthesis was based on the study and investigations on _.

Net yield of H2O in photosynthesis is _.

The breaking of terminal phosphate of ATP yields energy?

In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvic acid is broken down into?

Breaking of the terminal phosphate of ATP releases about _ kcal/mol of energy.

What are the end products of the ETC in animals?

Cytochrome c is oxidised by which coenzyme in the ETC?

What enzyme is found in the thylakoid membrane that facilitates chemiosmosis?

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

The calvin cycle begins when carbon dioxide reacts with?

In bacterias, name the colour of light which is responsible for photosynthesis?

PS I has chlorophyll a molecule which absorbs maximum light of _ nm?

Which of the light is mainly absorbed by the plants?

Ribose is an example of which of the following?

Which reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme RuBisCO?

Phosphofructokinases enzyme converts fructose-6-phosphate into_.

From one pyruvate passing through Krebs cycle, how many NADH are formed?

How are high energy phosphate bonds broken down in ATP?

Oxaloacetate combines with which molecule to enter the Krebs cycle again?

The molecular formula of Chlorophyll a is?

Rate of photosynthesis does not depend upon:

The number of ATP produced when a molecule of glucose undergoes fermentation is?

The main purpose of cellular respiration is to _.

Cellular respiration is carried out in:

When 100% carbon is oxidized to CO2, the efficiency of such respiration is?

The G3P is an end product of this process:

What is reduced during sugar production in photosynthesis?

At what times is there a no net gaseous exchange between leaves and the atmosphere?

Phosphofructokinase enzyme converts fructose-6-phosphate into _.

Which of the following statement about the head of a chlorophyll molecule is incorrect?:

The oxidation phase of glycolysis is _.

The difference in photosynthesis spectrum and action spectrum occurs due to _.

What does NADPH2 provide during photosynthesis?

Which is the correct order of energy transfer from accessory pigments to main photo synthetic pigment?

Which molecule passes the mitochondrial membrane to begin the Krebs cycle?

How are photosynthetic pigments organized?

Cooperation of the two photosystems of the chloroplast is required for _.

A metal cofactor which is used in synthesis of glycolysis is?

Chlorophylls mainly absorb light of which wavelength?

Which of the following is a chemical link between catabolism and anabolism?

How does the electron transport system generate ATP ?

In Anaerobic respiration, how much % of the energy, present within the chemical bond of glucose, is converted into ATP?

Glycolysis takes place in the:

NADH is oxidized by

Cancer cells require large amounts of ATP, which of the following produce a higher number of ATP?

How many ATPs does one NADH ideally give?

Electron transport chain takes place in which part of the cell?

The link between Kreb's cycle and glycolysis in carbohydrate metabolism is:

The correct order of electron transfer in photosynthesis is:

Which of the following statement is true about ATP?

Which of the following is the "dollar" for the cell?

The net number of ATPs per molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration is:

The site of the dark reaction of photosynthesis within chloroplast is:

Glycolysis occurs in which part of the cell?

The complete oxidation of glucose takes place in:

The enzyme responsible for carboxylation in the Calvin Benson cycle is?

What is the number of carbon atoms in pyruvic acid?

Why is oxygen important for aerobic cellular respiration?

Find out the correct sequence for movement of electrons during the light-dependent reaction: